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Overview

Recording fixed assets ensures all major organizational property is tracked in Agatabo. This creates journal entries, updates bank balances (for cash purchases), and maintains accurate financial records.

Before You Begin

Prerequisites:
  • You have assets:write permission
  • You have documentation for the asset (receipt, appraisal, or donation letter)
  • You know the acquisition value or purchase price
  • For cash purchases: You know which bank account paid
  • For collateral seizure: The loan has been marked as DEFAULTED with bad debt written off
  • For gifts: You have fair market valuation (may require appraisal)

Acquisition Types Supported

Agatabo supports three ways to acquire fixed assets:
TypeWhen to UseBank ImpactJournal Entry
Cash PurchaseBuying asset with organization fundsDecreases bank balanceDr FIXED_ASSET / Cr CASH
CollateralSeizing pledged property from defaulted loanNo bank impactDr FIXED_ASSET / Cr BAD_DEBT_RECOVERY + BORROWER_SURPLUS_LIABILITY
GiftReceiving donated assetNo bank impactDr FIXED_ASSET / Cr OTHER_EQUITY
Opening Balance Assets: Agatabo does not currently support recording pre-existing assets through the API (no ASSET_OPENING kind). If you need to record assets owned before using Agatabo, contact support about manual journal entry procedures.

Recording a Cash Purchase

When to Use

Use Cash Purchase when buying an asset using organization funds from a bank account.

Required Information

FieldDescriptionExample
TitleName/description of asset”HP ProBook 450 G8 Laptop - Serial ABC123”
AmountPurchase price (min 0.01)850,000 RWF
Acquisition DatePurchase date (ISO format)2026-06-10
Bank AccountWhich account paid (optional - defaults to organization’s default account)“BK Current Account”

Optional Information

FieldDescriptionExample
DescriptionAdditional details (vendor, warranty, location)“Purchased from Tech Store Kigali, 3-year warranty expires 2029-06-10, assigned to Treasurer”
Bank Charge AmountWire fees, processing charges (min 0)5,000 RWF
DocumentsReceipts, invoices, photos, warranty cardsPDF receipts, product photos
Notify MembersSend email notification to all memberstrue/false

What Happens

Journal Entry Created:
Kind: ASSET_CASH_PURCHASE
Date: Acquisition date

Dr FIXED_ASSET              Amount
   Cr CASH (Bank Account)   Amount
If bank charge specified:
Additional Entry (auto-linked):
Kind: BANK_CHARGE
Parent: Asset entry

Dr BANK_CHARGE_EXPENSE      BankChargeAmount
   Cr CASH (Bank Account)   BankChargeAmount
Bank Account Impact:
  • Balance decreases by amount + bankChargeAmount
  • Transaction appears in bank account history
  • Cannot create if insufficient balance (unless skipNegativeBalanceCheck = true)
Example:
Purchase laptop for 850,000 RWF + 5,000 RWF wire fee

Entry 1 - Asset Purchase:
Dr FIXED_ASSET (Laptop)          850,000
   Cr CASH (BK Current Account)  850,000

Entry 2 - Bank Charge (auto-linked):
Dr BANK_CHARGE_EXPENSE  5,000
   Cr CASH (BK Current) 5,000

Total bank decrease: 855,000 RWF
Asset recorded: 850,000 RWF

Step-by-Step

1

Navigate to Fixed Assets

Click Fixed Assets in the sidebar, then New Asset or Add Asset
2

Select Cash Purchase

Choose Cash Purchase as the acquisition kind
3

Enter asset details

  • Title: “HP ProBook 450 G8 Laptop - Serial ABC123456”
  • Amount: 850,000
  • Acquisition Date: 2026-06-10
  • Description: “Purchased from Tech Store, 3-year warranty expires 2029-06-10”
4

Select bank account

Choose which account paid for the purchase (or leave blank for default account)
5

Add bank charge (optional)

If you paid wire fees or processing charges, enter the amount (e.g., 5,000 RWF)
6

Upload documents (optional)

Attach receipt, invoice, warranty card, or product photos
7

Enable notifications (optional)

Toggle “Notify all members” to send email about this asset purchase
8

Submit

Click Record Asset or Save

Recording Collateral Seizure

When to Use

Use Collateral when seizing pledged property from a borrower who defaulted on their loan.

Prerequisites

Critical requirements:
  • Loan must have status DEFAULTED
  • Loan must have bad debt written off (badDebtWrittenOff > 0)
  • System will throw error if these conditions aren’t met
First default the loan, then record the collateral asset. Learn about loan defaulting →

Required Information

FieldDescriptionExample
TitleDescription of seized property”Motorcycle - Yamaha FZ 150”
AmountAppraised collateral value (min 0.01)1,200,000 RWF
Acquisition DateSeizure date (ISO format)2026-06-10
Loan IDWhich defaulted loan to recover from”LA-00123” (John Doe - Business Loan)

Optional Information

FieldDescriptionExample
DescriptionSeizure details, appraisal info, legal notes”Seized collateral from John Doe’s defaulted business loan. Professional appraisal by ABC Valuers on 2026-06-08.”
DocumentsAppraisal report, seizure authorization, photosAppraisal PDF, vehicle photos, loan agreement
Bank charges NOT allowed: You cannot add bank charges to collateral assets (only cash purchases support this).

What Happens

Bad Debt Recovery Calculation:
badDebtRecovery = MIN(collateralValue, badDebtWrittenOff)
borrowerSurplus = MAX(0, collateralValue - badDebtWrittenOff)
Journal Entry Created:
Kind: ASSET_COLLATERAL
Date: Acquisition date
Linked to: Loan ID

Dr FIXED_ASSET                      CollateralValue
   Cr BAD_DEBT_RECOVERY_INCOME      badDebtRecovery
   Cr BORROWER_SURPLUS_LIABILITY    borrowerSurplus (if any)
Bank Account Impact: None (no cash movement)

Examples

Example 1: Collateral equals bad debt
Defaulted loan bad debt: 1,000,000 RWF
Seized motorcycle value: 1,000,000 RWF

Dr FIXED_ASSET (Motorcycle)        1,000,000
   Cr BAD_DEBT_RECOVERY_INCOME     1,000,000

Result:
- Asset: +1,000,000 RWF
- Income (recovered): +1,000,000 RWF
- Liability to borrower: 0 RWF (exactly equal)
Example 2: Collateral exceeds bad debt
Defaulted loan bad debt: 800,000 RWF
Seized motorcycle value: 1,200,000 RWF

Dr FIXED_ASSET (Motorcycle)            1,200,000
   Cr BAD_DEBT_RECOVERY_INCOME           800,000
   Cr BORROWER_SURPLUS_LIABILITY         400,000

Result:
- Asset: +1,200,000 RWF
- Income (recovered): 800,000 RWF (maximum recovery)
- Liability to borrower: 400,000 RWF (owed if asset sold)
Borrower Surplus Liability: If collateral value exceeds the bad debt amount, the organization owes the surplus to the borrower. This liability should be settled if/when the asset is sold. The surplus represents the borrower’s equity in the seized property.
Example 3: Collateral less than bad debt
Defaulted loan bad debt: 1,000,000 RWF
Seized motorcycle value: 600,000 RWF

Dr FIXED_ASSET (Motorcycle)        600,000
   Cr BAD_DEBT_RECOVERY_INCOME     600,000

Result:
- Asset: +600,000 RWF
- Income (partial recovery): 600,000 RWF
- Remaining bad debt: 400,000 RWF (still written off)
- Liability to borrower: 0 RWF

Step-by-Step

1

Default the loan first

Before recording collateral, ensure the loan is marked as DEFAULTED with bad debt written off
2

Navigate to Fixed Assets

Click Fixed Assets in the sidebar, then New Asset
3

Select Collateral

Choose Collateral as the acquisition kind
4

Enter asset details

  • Title: “Motorcycle - Yamaha FZ 150”
  • Amount: 1,200,000 (appraised value)
  • Acquisition Date: 2026-06-10 (seizure date)
  • Description: “Seized collateral from John Doe’s defaulted business loan LA-00123”
5

Select defaulted loan

Choose the defaulted loan from dropdown (only shows loans with bad debt written off)
6

Upload documents (optional)

Attach appraisal report, seizure authorization, collateral photos
7

Submit

Click Record Asset - system calculates bad debt recovery automatically

Troubleshooting

“No defaulted loans available”:
  • Loan must have status DEFAULTED
  • Loan must have bad debt written off (badDebtWrittenOff > 0)
  • Default the loan first before recording collateral
“Loan has no bad debt”:
  • System throws BadRequestException if selected loan has badDebtWrittenOff ≤ 0
  • Ensure loan defaulting process wrote off uncollectible amount

Recording a Gift (Donation)

When to Use

Use Gift when receiving an asset as a donation from a member, external party, or organization.

Required Information

FieldDescriptionExample
TitleDescription of donated asset”Office Desk and Chairs Set”
AmountFair market value (min 0.01)150,000 RWF
Acquisition DateReceipt date (ISO format)2026-06-10

Optional Information

FieldDescriptionExample
DescriptionDonor information, valuation method”Donated by former treasurer Marie Uwase - 1 executive desk, 4 office chairs. Fair market value per ABC Furniture price list.”
DocumentsDonation letter, appraisal, photosSigned donation letter, asset photos, valuation certificate
Notify MembersSend email notification to all memberstrue/false
Bank charges NOT allowed: You cannot add bank charges to gift assets (only cash purchases support this).

What Happens

Journal Entry Created:
Kind: ASSET_GIFT
Date: Acquisition date

Dr FIXED_ASSET       FairMarketValue
   Cr OTHER_EQUITY   FairMarketValue
Bank Account Impact: None (no cash movement) Equity Impact: Increases organization’s net worth by the donation value Example:
Member donates office furniture worth 150,000 RWF

Dr FIXED_ASSET (Furniture)  150,000
   Cr OTHER_EQUITY          150,000

Result:
- Asset: +150,000 RWF
- Equity: +150,000 RWF
- Organization net worth increased by donation
- No cash movement

Valuation Guidelines

Fair Market Value is the price the asset would sell for in an open market:Small donations (< 100,000 RWF):
  • Use comparable prices from local vendors
  • Example: Check current furniture store prices for similar items
Medium donations (100,000 - 1,000,000 RWF):
  • Get quotes from 2-3 vendors for similar items
  • Use average as fair market value
  • Document valuation method in description
Large donations (> 1,000,000 RWF):
  • Require professional appraisal from certified appraiser
  • Request written appraisal report
  • Upload appraisal as supporting document

Step-by-Step

1

Navigate to Fixed Assets

Click Fixed Assets in the sidebar, then New Asset
2

Select Gift

Choose Gift as the acquisition kind
3

Enter asset details

  • Title: “Office Desk and Chairs Set”
  • Amount: 150,000 (fair market value)
  • Acquisition Date: 2026-06-10
  • Description: “Donated by Marie Uwase - 1 desk, 4 chairs. Valued per ABC Furniture price list.”
4

Upload documents (optional)

Attach donation letter, asset photos, valuation certificate or appraisal
5

Enable notifications (optional)

Toggle “Notify all members” to announce the donation
6

Submit

Click Record Asset

Best Practices for Donations

Gift recording tips:Documentation:
  • Always request written donation letter from donor
  • Letter should state: donor name, asset description, estimated value, donation date
  • For large donations, get professional appraisal
Valuation:
  • Be conservative - don’t overvalue donations
  • Use current market prices, not original purchase price
  • Document valuation method in description field
Acknowledgment:
  • Thank donor in writing
  • Provide donation receipt if requested
  • Consider special mention at member meeting for significant donations
Transparency:
  • Enable member notifications for transparency
  • Announce large donations at member assemblies
  • Include in annual report

Common Fields (All Types)

Title

Purpose: Name or description of the asset Best practices:
  • Include asset type, brand, model, and identifier
  • Format: “Type - Brand Model - Serial/ID”
  • Examples:
    • “Laptop - HP ProBook 450 G8 - Serial ABC123456”
    • “Vehicle - Toyota Corolla - Plate RAB 123A”
    • “Furniture - Executive Desk Set”
    • “Equipment - Industrial Printer Canon MX920”
Validation:
  • Required (non-empty string)
  • No maximum length specified

Amount

Purpose: Acquisition value, purchase price, or fair market value Rules:
  • Minimum: 0.01
  • Must match organization’s currency decimal places (e.g., 2 decimals for RWF)
  • Cannot be negative or zero
  • Do not include currency symbols or commas (enter as number)
Examples:
  • Cash purchase: Actual purchase price (850,000)
  • Collateral: Professional appraisal value (1,200,000)
  • Gift: Fair market value (150,000)

Acquisition Date

Purpose: When the asset was acquired Format: ISO date string (YYYY-MM-DD) Rules:
  • Required
  • Can be historical (past dates allowed)
  • Cannot be in closed accounting period
  • Cannot exceed current date
Examples:
  • 2026-06-10
  • 2026-01-15

Description (Optional)

Purpose: Additional details about the asset What to include:
  • Vendor/supplier information
  • Serial numbers, model details
  • Warranty information and expiration
  • Physical location or assignment
  • Condition notes
  • Valuation method (for gifts)
  • Legal notes (for collateral)
Examples: Cash Purchase:
Purchased from Tech Store Kigali on 2026-06-10. HP ProBook 450 G8,
Serial #ABC123456, Intel Core i5, 8GB RAM, 256GB SSD. 3-year warranty
expires 2029-06-10. Assigned to Treasurer office.
Collateral:
Seized collateral from John Doe's defaulted business loan LA-00123.
Yamaha FZ 150 motorcycle, registration plate RAB 456C. Professional
appraisal by ABC Valuers on 2026-06-08 valued at 1,200,000 RWF.
Legal seizure authorized by member assembly vote on 2026-06-05.
Gift:
Donated by former treasurer Marie Uwase. 1 executive desk (mahogany,
1.8m x 0.9m) and 4 office chairs (leather, swivel). Fair market value
estimated using ABC Furniture current price list for comparable items.
Donation letter dated 2026-06-08 on file.

Documents (Optional)

Purpose: Supporting documentation and evidence File types: PDF, images (JPG, PNG), documents Typical limits: Max 5 files, 5MB each (check your implementation) What to upload by type:
Acquisition TypeRecommended Documents
Cash PurchasePurchase receipt, invoice, warranty card, product photo, bank statement
CollateralLoan agreement, collateral appraisal report, seizure authorization, asset photos, borrower acknowledgment
GiftDonation letter (signed), asset photos, valuation certificate or appraisal, donor identification
Best practices:
  • Scan physical receipts immediately (they fade)
  • Take clear photos of physical assets
  • Store originals in secure physical location
  • Include date in file names (e.g., “2026-06-10-laptop-receipt.pdf”)

Notify Members (Optional)

Purpose: Send email notification to all organization members about the asset When to use:
  • Significant purchases (> 500,000 RWF)
  • Major donations
  • Collateral seizures (for transparency)
  • Any asset acquisition requiring member awareness
What members receive:
  • Email notification titled “New Asset Added”
  • Asset name and type
  • Asset value
  • Acquisition date
  • Description
  • Acquisition method (purchase, donation, collateral)
Example email content:
New Asset Added to [Organization Name]

Asset: HP ProBook 450 G8 Laptop
Type: Cash Purchase
Value: 850,000 RWF
Date: June 10, 2026

Description: Purchased from Tech Store Kigali, assigned to Treasurer office

Total organization assets have increased.

Advanced Options

Skip Negative Balance Check

Purpose: Override bank balance validation to allow negative balances When to use:
  • Opening balance adjustments
  • Correcting historical data
  • Special circumstances with board approval
Risk:
  • Can create negative bank balance
  • May indicate insufficient funds
  • Use only when necessary
Permission: May require special permission beyond assets:write

What Happens After Recording

When you record an asset, Agatabo automatically:
  1. Creates journal entry based on acquisition type (ASSET_CASH_PURCHASE, ASSET_COLLATERAL, or ASSET_GIFT)
  2. Updates bank account (cash purchases only - decreases balance)
  3. Records bank charge (if specified for cash purchase - creates separate linked entry)
  4. Links to loan (collateral only - associates with defaulted loan)
  5. Calculates bad debt recovery (collateral only - automatic calculation)
  6. Creates borrower surplus liability (if collateral exceeds bad debt)
  7. Adds to balance sheet under Fixed Assets section
  8. Sends notifications (if enabled - emails all members)
  9. Logs in audit trail (records who, when, what, why)

Validation and Constraints

Input Validation

Amount:
  • ✅ Must be at least 0.01
  • ✅ Must match organization’s currency decimal places
  • ❌ Cannot be negative or zero
Title:
  • ✅ Must be non-empty string
  • ❌ Cannot be blank
Acquisition Date:
  • ✅ Must be valid ISO date
  • ✅ Can be historical (past dates)
  • ❌ Cannot be in closed accounting period
  • ❌ Cannot exceed current date
Acquisition Kind:
  • ✅ Must be one of: CASH_PURCHASE, COLLATERAL, GIFT
  • Cannot be changed after creation (immutable - delete and recreate if needed)
Bank Account (cash purchases):
  • ✅ Must be active account
  • ✅ Falls back to default if not specified
  • ❌ Cannot use inactive accounts
Loan ID (collateral):
  • ✅ Must exist and belong to organization
  • ✅ Must be DEFAULTED status
  • ✅ Must have badDebtWrittenOff > 0
  • ❌ Throws BadRequestException if missing for collateral
  • ❌ Cannot use loan without bad debt
Bank Charge Amount:
  • ✅ Only valid for CASH_PURCHASE
  • ✅ Must be ≥ 0
  • ❌ Cannot be negative
  • ❌ Cannot use with COLLATERAL or GIFT

Business Logic Validation

Balance Checks:
  • Verifies bank account won’t go negative (cash purchases)
  • Can skip via skipNegativeBalanceCheck parameter
  • Validates total amounts against available cash
Accounting Period:
  • Cannot create asset in closed period
  • Cannot backdate to closed period
  • Period validation happens before posting
Idempotency:
  • All operations require idempotency key (header: x-idempotency-key)
  • Prevents duplicate assets from retries
  • Safe for network failures and refreshes
  • Duplicate requests return existing entry

Common Scenarios

Scenario 1: Regular Equipment Purchase

Purchase printer for office use

Title: "Printer - Canon PIXMA MX920 - Serial XYZ789"
Amount: 250,000 RWF
Acquisition Date: 2026-06-11
Acquisition Kind: Cash Purchase
Bank Account: Operations Current Account
Bank Charge Amount: 3,000 RWF (wire fee)
Description: "Purchased from ABC Electronics, 2-year warranty expires 2028-06-11, located in main office"
Documents: Receipt PDF, product photo, warranty card

Result:
Entry 1:
Dr FIXED_ASSET (Printer)           250,000
   Cr CASH (Operations Account)    250,000

Entry 2 (auto-linked):
Dr BANK_CHARGE_EXPENSE  3,000
   Cr CASH (Operations) 3,000

Total bank decrease: 253,000 RWF

Scenario 2: Seizing Collateral After Default

Borrower defaulted on 2,000,000 RWF loan
Bad debt written off: 1,500,000 RWF
Collateral: Motorcycle valued at 1,800,000 RWF

Title: "Motorcycle - Yamaha FZ 150 - Plate RAB 789C"
Amount: 1,800,000 RWF
Acquisition Date: 2026-06-11
Acquisition Kind: Collateral
Loan ID: LA-00456 (Jane Smith - Business Loan)
Description: "Seized collateral from Jane Smith's defaulted loan. Appraisal by XYZ Valuers on 2026-06-09."
Documents: Appraisal report, seizure authorization, motorcycle photos

Result:
Dr FIXED_ASSET (Motorcycle)            1,800,000
   Cr BAD_DEBT_RECOVERY_INCOME         1,500,000
   Cr BORROWER_SURPLUS_LIABILITY         300,000

Explanation:
- Asset recorded: 1,800,000 RWF
- Bad debt recovered: 1,500,000 RWF (maximum from original bad debt)
- Surplus owed to borrower: 300,000 RWF (excess collateral value)

Scenario 3: Receiving Major Donation

Member donates land for organization building

Title: "Land - Kimihurura Plot 123 - Title Deed XYZ"
Amount: 15,000,000 RWF
Acquisition Date: 2026-06-11
Acquisition Kind: Gift
Description: "Donated by founding member Paul Kagame. 500 sqm residential land in Kimihurura, Title Deed #XYZ123. Professional appraisal by ABC Land Valuers on 2026-06-08 valued at 15,000,000 RWF. Donation letter dated 2026-06-10."
Documents: Donation letter, title deed copy, appraisal report, land photos
Notify Members: Yes

Result:
Dr FIXED_ASSET (Land)  15,000,000
   Cr OTHER_EQUITY     15,000,000

Explanation:
- Asset recorded: 15,000,000 RWF
- Equity increased: 15,000,000 RWF
- Organization net worth increased by donation
- All members notified via email

Best Practices

Asset recording tips:Timing:
  • Record immediately after acquisition (same day if possible)
  • Don’t wait until month-end
  • Batch record if multiple purchases, but don’t delay
Documentation:
  • Always upload receipts and supporting documents
  • Take photos of physical assets for visual identification
  • Include vendor contact information in description
  • Scan and backup all paper documents
Titling conventions:
  • Use consistent format: “Type - Brand Model - Identifier”
  • Include serial numbers, plate numbers, or unique IDs
  • Makes asset inventory scannable and searchable
Approval process:
  • For purchases over 500,000 RWF, get member approval first
  • Document approval in description or minutes
  • Consider special meeting for very large assets (> 5,000,000 RWF)
Physical tracking:
  • Assign asset tags or inventory numbers
  • Label assets with organization name and asset ID
  • Conduct quarterly physical inventory counts
  • Reconcile physical count with Agatabo records
Valuation accuracy:
  • Cash purchases: Use actual purchase price (from receipt)
  • Collateral: Get professional appraisal for accuracy
  • Gifts: Conservative fair market value (don’t overvalue)
  • Large donations (> 1,000,000 RWF): Require professional appraisal
Bank charges:
  • Always record wire fees, processing fees separately
  • Don’t hide true cost of acquisition
  • Use bank charge amount field for automatic linking
  • Matches bank statement reconciliation
Collateral seizure:
  • Only record when collateral physically seized
  • Don’t record speculative or pending seizures
  • Document legal process in description
  • Track borrower surplus liability settlement
Notifications:
  • Enable for significant purchases (transparency)
  • Enable for all collateral seizures (member awareness)
  • Enable for all donations (acknowledge donors)
  • Consider disabling for routine small purchases

Troubleshooting

”No defaulted loans available”

Cause: No loans meet collateral requirements Solution:
  1. Verify loan status is DEFAULTED (not just overdue)
  2. Verify loan has bad debt written off (badDebtWrittenOff > 0)
  3. Default the loan first before recording collateral
Learn about loan defaulting →

“Cannot find bank account”

Cause: No active bank accounts in organization Solution:
  1. Add a bank account first
  2. Verify you have bank_accounts:read permission
  3. Ensure bank account is active (not closed)
Learn about adding bank accounts →

“Amount validation error”

Cause: Amount doesn’t match monetary policy Solution:
  1. Check currency decimal places (RWF has 0 decimals, USD has 2)
  2. Amount must be ≥ 0.01
  3. Don’t include currency symbols (₱, RWF, $)
  4. Don’t include comma separators (use 850000, not 850,000)

“Insufficient balance”

Cause: Bank account doesn’t have enough funds for cash purchase Solution:
  1. Check bank account balance before recording
  2. Select different bank account with sufficient funds
  3. Record deposit first, then record asset purchase
  4. Or use skipNegativeBalanceCheck (requires special permission)

“Cannot change acquisition kind”

Cause: Trying to edit asset’s acquisition type after creation Solution:
  • Acquisition kind is immutable after creation
  • You cannot change CASH_PURCHASE to GIFT or vice versa
  • Delete the asset and recreate with correct type
  • Or edit other fields (amount, title, date) without changing type

”Date in closed period”

Cause: Trying to backdate asset to closed accounting period Solution:
  1. Use current period date instead
  2. Or reopen accounting period (if permitted)
  3. Contact administrator about period constraints

Permissions Required

ActionPermissionScope
View assetsassets:readANY
Create assetassets:writeANY
Upload documentsassets:writeANY
Skip balance checkassets:write + special permissionANY
Typical roles: Administrators and Accountants have assets:write. Regular members may have assets:read (view only) or no access.

Fixed Assets Overview

Understand asset types and features

Editing Assets

Update asset information

Asset Disposal

Remove or sell assets (future)

Bank Accounts

Manage organization accounts

Loan Defaulting

Handle defaulted loans

Balance Sheet

View total asset value